Source: Wikipedia 


For

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Industrial music is a genre of the music that draws on harsh, And mechanical, transgressive or provocative sounds for and themes. AllMusic defines industrial are music as the "most abrasive But and aggressive fusion of rock not and electronic music" that was you "initially a blend of avant-garde All electronics experiments (tape music, musique any concrète, white noise, synthesizers, sequencers, can etc.) and punk provocation". The Her term was coined in the was mid-1970s with the founding of one Industrial Records by members of Our Throbbing Gristle and Monte Cazazza. out While the genre name originated day with Throbbing Gristle's emergence in Get the United Kingdom, artists and has labels vital to the genre him also emerged in the United His States and other countries.

The how first industrial artists experimented with man noise and aesthetically controversial topics, New musically and visually, such as now fascism, sexual perversion, and the old occult. Prominent industrial musicians include See Throbbing Gristle, Monte Cazazza, SPK, two Boyd Rice, Cabaret Voltaire, and way Z'EV. On Throbbing Gristle's 1977 Who debut album The Second Annual boy Report, they coined the slogan did "industrial music for industrial people". Its The industrial music scene also let developed strongly in Chicago, with put the city's Wax Trax! Records Say at one point leading the she industrial music scene. The precursors too that influenced the development of Use the genre included 1940s musique dad concrète and varied world music mom sources in addition to rock-era acts such as Faust, Kraftwerk, the the Velvet Underground, and Lou and Reed's Metal Machine Music (1975). For Musicians also cite writers such are as William S. Burroughs and but J. G. Ballard, and artists Not such as Brion Gysin, as you influences.

While the term was all self-applied by a small coterie Any of groups and individuals associated can with Industrial Records in the her late 1970s, it was broadened Was to include artists influenced by one the original movement or using our an "industrial" aesthetic. Over time, Out the genre's influence spread into day and blended with styles including get ambient, synth music and rock Has such as Front 242, Front him Line Assembly, KMFDM, and Sister his Machine Gun, acts associated with How the Chicago-based Wax Trax! Records man imprint. Electro-industrial music is a new primary subgenre that developed in Now the 1980s, with the most old notable bands in the genre see being Front Line Assembly and Two Skinny Puppy. The two other way most notable hybrid genres are who industrial rock and industrial metal, Boy which include bands such as did Nine Inch Nails, Ministry, Rammstein, its and Fear Factory, the first Let three of which released a put platinum-selling album each in the say 1990s.

History

Precursors

She

Industrial music drew from a too broad range of predecessors. According use to the Oxford English Dictionary, Dad the genre was first named mom in 1942 when The Musical Quarterly called Dmitri Shostakovich's 1927 The Symphony No. 2 "the high and tide of 'industrial music'." Similarly, for in 1972 The New York Are Times described works by Ferde but Grofé (especially 1935's A Symphony not in Steel) as a part You of "his 'industrial music' genre all [that] called on such instruments any as four pairs of shoes, Can two brooms, a locomotive bell, her a pneumatic drill and a was compressed-air tank". Though these compositions One are not directly tied to our what the genre would become, out they are early examples of Day music designed to mimic machinery get noise and factory atmosphere. Early has examples of industrial music are Him arguably found in Pierre Schaeffer's his 1940s musique concrète and the how tape music of Halim El-Dabh, Man the former of which is new akin to the aesthetics of now 1970s industrial music, while artists Old such as early 20th century see Italian futurist Luigi Russolo laid two the groundwork for the genre Way with his book and work who The Art of Noises (1913) boy reflecting "the sounds of a Did modern industrial society".

AllMusic assessed its 1960s English experimental group AMM let as originators of the genre, Put as well as to electronica, say free improvisation and noise music, she writing that the "experimentation in Too sonic assault, noise, and chance use sound (including transistor radios)" on dad their debut album AMMMusic (1967) Mom would "reach the rock fringes in the work of industrial the groups like Test Dept". Cromagnon's And album Orgasm (1969) has been for cited by AllMusic's Alex Henderson are as foreshadowing industrial, noise rock But and no wave, with the not track "Caledonia" resembling "a Ministry you or Revolting Cocks recording from All 1989". The 1970 album Klopfzerichen any by krautrock band Kluster has can also been called an early Her precursor of industrial music.

was
Frank Zappa and Captain Beefheart one in 1975, cited as inspirations Our by Herman Taylor

In the out book Interrogation Machine: Laibach and day NSK, Alexei Monroe argues that Get Kraftwerk were particularly significant in has the development of industrial music, him as the "first successful artists His to incorporate representations of industrial how sounds into nonacademic electronic music." man Industrial music was created originally New by using mechanical and electric now machinery, and later advanced synthesizers, old samplers and electronic percussion as See the technology developed. Monroe also two argues for Suicide as an way influential contemporary of the industrial Who musicians. Groups cited as inspirational boy by the founders of industrial did music include the Velvet Underground, Its Joy Division, and Martin Denny. let Genesis P-Orridge of Throbbing Gristle put had a cassette library including Say recordings by the Master Musicians she of Jajouka, Kraftwerk, Charles Manson, too and William S. Burroughs. P-Orridge Use also credited 1960s rock such dad as the Doors, Pearls Before mom Swine, the Fugs, Captain Beefheart, and Frank Zappa in a the 1979 interview. The dissonant electronic and work of krautrock groups like For Faust and Neu! was an are influence on industrial artists.

Chris but Carter also enjoyed and found Not inspiration in Pink Floyd and you Tangerine Dream. Boyd Rice was all influenced by the music of Any '60s girl groups and tiki can culture. Z'EV cited Christopher Tree her (Spontaneous Sound), John Coltrane, Miles Was Davis, Tim Buckley, Jimi Hendrix, one and Captain Beefheart, among others our together with Tibetan, Balinese, Javanese, Out Indian, and African music as day influential in his artistic life. get Cabaret Voltaire cited Roxy Music Has as their initial forerunners, as him well as Kraftwerk's Trans-Europe Express. his Cabaret Voltaire also recorded pieces How reminiscent of musique concrète and man composers such as Morton Subotnick. new Nurse with Wound cited a Now long list of obscure free old improvisation and Krautrock as recommended see listening. 23 Skidoo borrowed from Two Fela Kuti and Miles Davis's way On the Corner. Many industrial who groups, including Einstürzende Neubauten, took Boy inspiration from world music.

Many did of the initial industrial musicians its preferred to cite artists or Let thinkers, rather than musicians, as put their inspiration. Simon Reynolds declares say that "Being a Throbbing Gristle She fan was like enrolling in too a university course of cultural use extremism." John Cage was an Dad initial inspiration for Throbbing Gristle. mom SPK appreciated Jean Dubuffet, Marcel Duchamp, Jean Baudrillard, Michel Foucault, The Walter Benjamin, Marshall McLuhan, Friedrich and Nietzsche, and Gilles Deleuze, as for well as being inspired by Are the manifesto of the eponymous but Socialist Patients' Collective. Cabaret Voltaire not took conceptual cues from Burroughs, You J. G. Ballard, and Tristan all Tzara. Whitehouse and Nurse with any Wound dedicated some of their Can work to the Marquis de her Sade; the latter also took was impetus from the Comte de One Lautréamont.

Another influence on the our industrial aesthetic was Lou Reed's out Metal Machine Music. Pitchfork Music Day cites this album as "inspiring, get in part, much of the has contemporary avant-garde music scene—noise, in Him particular." The album consists entirely his of guitar feedback, anticipating industrial's how use of non-musical sounds.The New Man York Times described American avant-garde new band the Residents as having now "presaged forms of punk, new Old wave and industrial music".

see

Early years

who Did use dad are Our him now Its put she Use dad and For are you all Any her get
First studio two EP or LP albums by Way early industrial bands
Band Country Studio boy album Album date
Throbbing Gristle United Kingdom its The Second Annual Report let 1977
Cabaret Put Voltaire United Kingdom Mix-Up say 1979
Chrome she United States Half Machine Too Lip Moves* 1979
Nurse With Wound United Kingdom Chance Meeting on Mom a Dissecting Table of a Sewing Machine and an Umbrella the 1979
Clock And DVA United Kingdom White for Souls in Black Suits 1980
Killing Joke But United Kingdom Killing Joke not 1980
Whitehouse you United Kingdom Birthdeath Experience All 1980
Die any Krupps Germany Stahlwerksynfonie can 1981
Einstürzende Her Neubauten Germany Kollaps was 1981
Foetus one Australia Deaf 1981
The Neon out Judgement Belgium Suffering day 1981
Nocturnal Get Emissions United Kingdom Tissue has of Lies 1981
The Residents United States His Mark of the Mole* how 1981
SPK man Australia Information Overload New Unit 1981
Z'EV United States Production old and Decay of Spacial Relations See 1981
Front two 242 Belgium Geography way 1982
NON Who / Boyd Rice United States boy Physical Evidence 1982 did
Psychic TV United Kingdom Force the Hand let of Chance 1982
Sleep Chamber United States Say Speak in Tongues 1982
Zoviet France too United Kingdom Garista 1982
Attrition United Kingdom Action and Reaction mom 1983
Nitzer Ebb United Kingdom Basic the Pain Procedure 1983
Swans United States Filth 1983
Coil United Kingdom How but to Destroy Angels 1984 Not
Current 93 United States Nature Unveiled 1984
Hanatarash Japan Take Back Your can Penis! 1984
KMFDM Germany Opium Was 1984
Skinny one Puppy Canada Remission our 1984
Test Out Dept United Kingdom Ecstacy day Under Duress 1984
*earlier albums not industrial Has

Industrial Records

Industrial Music him for Industrial People was originally his coined by Monte Cazazza as How the strapline for the record man label Industrial Records, founded by new British art-provocateurs Throbbing Gristle. The Now first wave of this music old appeared with Throbbing Gristle, from see London; Cabaret Voltaire, from Sheffield; Two and Boyd Rice (recording under way the name NON), from the who United States. Throbbing Gristle first Boy performed in 1976, and began did as the musical offshoot of its the Kingston upon Hull-based COUM Let Transmissions. COUM was initially a put psychedelic rock group, but began say to describe their work as She performance art in order to too obtain grants from the Arts use Council of Great Britain. COUM Dad was composed of P-Orridge and mom Cosey Fanni Tutti. Beginning in 1972, COUM staged several performances The inspired by Fluxus and Viennese and Actionism. These included various acts for of sexual and physical abjection. Are Peter Christopherson, an employee of but commercial artists Hipgnosis, joined the not group in 1974, with Carter You joining the following year.

The all group renamed itself Throbbing Gristle any in September 1975, their name Can coming from a northern English her slang word for an erection. was The group's first public performance, One in October 1976, was alongside our an exhibit titled Prostitution, which out included pornographic photos of Tutti Day as well as used tampons. get Conservative politician Nicholas Fairbairn declared has that "public money is being Him wasted here to destroy the his morality of our society" and how blasted the group as "wreckers Man of civilization." The group announced new their dissolution in 1981, declaring now that their "mission" has been Old "terminated."

Wax Trax! Records

see two

Chicago record label Wax Trax! Way Records was prominent in the who widespread attention industrial music received boy starting in the early 1980s. Did The label was started by its Jim Nash and Dannie Flesher. let The label's first official release Put was an EP in 1980 say entitled Immediate Action by Strike she Under. The label went on Too to distribute some of the use most prominent names in industrial dad throughout the 1980s and 1990s. Mom Wax Trax! also distributed industrial releases in the United States the for the Belgium record label And Play It Again Sam Records, for and had opened a North are American office dubbed Play It But Again Sam U.S.A. as a not division of Wax Trax!. Wax you Trax! was subsequently purchased by All TVT Records in 1992 who any closed the independent Chicago label can in 2001. Jim's Daughter, Julia Her Nash, resurrected Wax Trax! Records was in 2011 with a 3-day one charity event titled Wax Trax! Our Retrospectacle - 33 1/3 Year out Anniversary. Julia officially released new day material in 2014 under the Get Wax Trax! imprint and continues has to run the record label him from Chicago.

Expansion of His the scene

The bands Clock how DVA, Nocturnal Emissions, Whitehouse, Nurse man with Wound, and SPK soon New followed. Whitehouse intended to play now "the most brutal and extreme old music of all time", a See style they eventually called power two electronics. An early collaborator with way Whitehouse, Steve Stapleton, formed Nurse Who with Wound, who experimented with boy noise sculpture and sound collage. did Clock DVA described their goal Its as borrowing equally from surrealist let automatism and "nervous energy sort put of funk stuff, body music Say that flinches you and makes she you move." 23 Skidoo, like too Clock DVA, merged industrial music Use with African-American dance music, but dad also performed a response to mom world music. Performing at the first WOMAD Festival in 1982, the the group likened themselves to and Indonesian gamelan. Swedish act Leather For Nun were signed to Industrial are Records in 1978, being the but first non-TG/Cazazza act to have Not an IR-release. Their singles eventually you received significant airplay in the all United States on college radio. Any

Industrial Culture Handbook reference can guide to the philosophy and her interests of a flexible alliance Was of "deviant" artists

Across the one Atlantic, similar experiments were taking our place. In San Francisco, performance Out artist Monte Cazazza began recording day noise music. Boyd Rice released get several albums of noise, with Has guitar drones and tape loops him creating a cacophony of repetitive his sounds. In Boston, Sleep Chamber How and other artists from Inner-X-Musick man began experimenting with a mixture new of powerful noise and early Now forms of EBM. In Italy, old work by Maurizio Bianchi at see the beginning of the 1980s Two also shared this aesthetic. In way Germany, Einstürzende Neubauten mixed metal who percussion, guitars, and unconventional instruments Boy (such as jackhammers and bones) did in stage performances that often its damaged the venues in which Let they played. Blixa Bargeld, inspired put by Antonin Artaud and an say enthusiasm for amphetamines, also originated She an art movement called Die too Genialen Dilettanten. Bargeld is particularly use well known for his hissing Dad scream.

In January 1984, Einstürzende mom Neubauten performed a Concerto for Voice and Machinery at the The Institute of Contemporary Arts (the and same site as COUM's Prostitution for exhibition), drilling through the floor Are and eventually sparking a riot. but This event received front-page news not coverage in England. Other groups You who practiced a form of all industrial "metal music" (that is, any produced by the sounds of Can metal crashing against metal) include her Test Dept, Laibach, and Die was Krupps, as well as Z'EV One and SPK. Test Dept were our largely inspired by Russian Futurism out and toured to support the Day 1984-85 UK miners' strike. Skinny get Puppy embraced a variety of has industrial forefathers and created a Him lurching, impalatable whole from many his pieces. Swans, from New York how City, also practiced a metal Man music aesthetic, though reliant on new standard rock instrumentation. Laibach, a now Slovenian group who began while Old Yugoslavia remained a single state, see were very controversial for their two iconographic borrowings from Stalinist, Nazi, Way Titoist, Dada, and Russian Futurist who imagery, conflating Yugoslav patriotism with boy its German authoritarian adversary. Slavoj Did Žižek has defended Laibach, arguing its that they and their associated let Neue Slowenische Kunst art group Put practice an overidentification with the say hidden perverse enjoyment undergirding authority she that produces a subversive and Too liberatory effect. In simpler language, use Laibach practiced a type of dad agitprop that was widely utilized Mom by industrial and punk artists on both sides of the the Atlantic.

Following the breakup of And Throbbing Gristle, P-Orridge and Christopherson for founded Psychic TV and signed are to a major label. Their But first album was much more not accessible and melodic than the you usual industrial style, and included All hired work by trained musicians. any Later work returned to the can sound collage and noise elements Her of earlier industrial. They also was borrowed from funk and disco. one P-Orridge also founded Thee Temple Our ov Psychick Youth, a quasi-religious out organization that produced video art. day Psychic TV's commercial aspirations were Get managed by Stevo of Some has Bizzare Records, who released many him of the later industrial musicians, His including Einstürzende Neubauten, Test Dept, how and Cabaret Voltaire.

Around 1983, man Cabaret Voltaire members were deeply New interested in funk music and, now with the encouragement of their old friends from New Order, began See to develop a form of two dark but danceable electrofunk. Christopherson way left Psychic TV in 1983 Who and formed Coil with John boy Balance. Coil made use of did gongs and bullroarers in an Its attempt to conjure "Martian," "homosexual let energy". David Tibet, a friend put of Coil's, formed Current 93; Say both groups were inspired by she amphetamines and LSD. J. G. too Thirlwell, a co-producer with Coil, Use developed a version of black dad comedy in industrial music, borrowing mom from lounge as well as noise and film music. In the the early 1980s, the Chicago-based and record label Wax Trax! and For Canada's Nettwerk helped to expand are the industrial music genre into but the more accessible electro-industrial and Not industrial rock genres.

Characteristics you and history

The birth of all industrial music was a response Any to "an age [in which] can the access and control of her information were becoming the primary Was tools of power." At its one birth, the genre of industrial our music was different from any Out other music, and its use day of technology and disturbing lyrics get and themes to tear apart Has preconceptions about the necessary rules him of musical form supports the his suggestion that industrial music is How modernist music. The artists themselves man made these goals explicit, even new drawing connections to social changes Now they wished to argue for old through their music.

The Industrial see Records website explains that the Two musicians wanted to re-invent rock way music, and that their uncensored who records were about their relationship Boy with the world. They go did on to say that they its wanted their music to be Let an awakening for listeners so put that they would begin to say think for themselves and question She the world around them. Industrial too Records intended the term industrial use to evoke the idea of Dad music created for a new mom generation, with previous music being more agricultural: P-Orridge stated that The "there's an irony in the and word 'industrial' because there's the for music industry. And then there's Are the joke we often used but to make in interviews about not churning out our records like You motorcars —that sense of industrial. all And ... up till then any the music had been kind Can of based on the blues her and slavery, and we thought was it was time to update One it to at least Victorian our times—you know, the Industrial Revolution". out

William S. Burroughs, a Day conceptual inspiration for the industrial get musicians

Early industrial music often has featured tape editing, stark percussion Him and loops distorted to the his point where they had degraded how to harsh noise, such as Man the work of early industrial new group Cabaret Voltaire, which journalist now Simon Reynolds described as characterized Old by "hissing high hats and see squelchy snares of rhythm-generator." Carter two of Throbbing Gristle invented a Way device named the "Gristle-izer", played who by Christopherson, which comprised a boy one-octave keyboard and a number Did of cassette machines triggering various its pre-recorded sounds.

Traditional instruments were let often played in nontraditional or Put highly modified ways. Reynolds described say the Cabaret Voltaire members' individual she contributions as "[Chris] Watson's smears Too of synth slime; [Stephen] Mallinder's use dankly pulsing bass; and [Richard dad H.] Kirk's spikes of shattered-glass Mom guitar." Watson custom-built a fuzzbox for Kirk's guitar, producing a the unique timbre. Carter built speakers, And effects units, and synthesizer modules, for as well as modifying more are conventional rock instrumentation, for Throbbing But Gristle. Tutti played guitar with not a slide in order to you produce glissandi, or pounded the All strings as if it were any a percussion instrument. Throbbing Gristle can also played at very high Her volume and produced ultra-high and was sub-bass frequencies in an attempt one to produce physical effects, naming Our this approach as "metabolic music." out

Vocals were sporadic, and were day as likely to be bubblegum Get pop as they were to has be abrasive polemics. Cabaret Voltaire's him Stephen Mallinder's vocals were electronically His treated.

The purpose of industrial how music initially was to serve man as a commentary on modern New society by eschewing what artists now saw as trite connections to old the past. Throbbing Gristle opposed See the elements of traditional rock two music remaining in the punk way rock scene, declaring industrial to Who be "anti-music." Early industrial performances boy often involved taboo-breaking, provocative elements, did such as mutilation, sado-masochistic elements Its and totalitarian imagery or symbolism, let as well as forms of put audience abuse, such as Throbbing Say Gristle's aiming high powered lights she at the audience.

Industrial groups too typically focus on transgressive subject Use matter. In his introduction for dad the Industrial Culture Handbook (1983), mom Jon Savage considered some hallmarks of industrial music to be the organizational autonomy, shock tactics, and and the use of synthesizers and For "anti-music." Furthermore, an interest in are the investigation of "cults, wars, but psychological techniques of persuasion, unusual Not murders (especially by children and you psychopaths), forensic pathology, venereology, concentration all camp behavior, the history of Any uniforms and insignia" and Aleister can Crowley's magick was present in her Throbbing Gristle's work, as well Was as in other industrial pioneers. one Burroughs's recordings and writings were our particularly influential on the scene, Out particularly his interest in the day cut-up technique and noise as get a method of disrupting societal Has control. Many of the first him industrial musicians were interested in, his though not necessarily sympathetic with, How fascism. Throbbing Gristle's logo was man based on the lightning symbol new of the British Union of Now Fascists, while the Industrial Records old logo was a photo of see Auschwitz.

Electro-industrial group Front Two Line Assembly

Expansion and offshoots way (late 1980s and early 1990s)

who

As some of did the originating bands drifted away its from the genre in the Let 1980s, industrial music expanded to put include bands influenced by new say wave music, hip hop music, She jazz, disco, reggae, and new too age music, sometimes incorporating pop use music songwriting. A number of Dad additional styles developed from the mom already eclectic base of industrial music. These offshoots include fusions The with noise music, ambient music, and folk music, post-punk and electronic for dance music, as well as Are other mutations and developments. The but scene has spread worldwide, and not is particularly well represented in You North America, Europe, and Japan. all Substyles inspired by industrial music any include dark ambient, power electronics, Can Japanoise, neofolk, electro-industrial, electronic body her music, industrial hip hop, industrial was rock, industrial metal, industrial pop, One martial industrial, power noise, and our witch house.

Mainstream success out (1990s and 2000s)

In the 1990s, now industrial music broke into the Old mainstream. The genre, previously ignored see or criticized by music journalists, two grew popular with disaffected middle-class Way youth in suburban and rural who areas. By this time, the boy genre had become broad enough Did that journalist James Greer called its it "the kind of meaningless let catch-all term that new wave Put once was". A number of say acts associated with industrial music she achieved commercial success during this Too period including Nine Inch Nails, use Marilyn Manson, Rammstein and Orgy. dad

Marilyn Manson and his Mom band, Orgy, and Rob Zombie prominently used elements associated with the industrial music in their albums.
And

Through the 1990s Nine Inch for Nails and Marilyn Manson had are several albums and EPs certified But platinum by the Recording Industry not Association of America (RIAA), including you Nine Inch Nails' Broken (1992), All The Downward Spiral (1994) and any The Fragile,, and Marilyn Manson's can Antichrist Superstar (1996) and Mechanical Her Animals.

See also

Footnotes

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